Invokers.java

package pro.verron.officestamper.core;

import org.springframework.core.convert.TypeDescriptor;
import org.springframework.expression.EvaluationContext;
import org.springframework.expression.MethodExecutor;
import org.springframework.expression.MethodResolver;
import org.springframework.expression.TypedValue;
import org.springframework.lang.NonNull;
import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
import pro.verron.officestamper.api.CustomFunction;

import java.util.ArrayDeque;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.function.Function;
import java.util.stream.Stream;

import static java.util.Arrays.asList;
import static java.util.Arrays.stream;
import static java.util.Collections.emptyMap;
import static java.util.stream.Collectors.groupingBy;
import static java.util.stream.Collectors.toMap;

/**
 * The Invokers class serves as an implementation of the MethodResolver interface.
 * It is designed to provide an efficient mechanism for resolving method executors based on method names and argument
 * types.
 * The class organizes and stores registered invokers in a structured map, enabling streamlined method resolution at
 * runtime.
 */
public class Invokers
        implements MethodResolver {
    private final Map<String, Map<Args, MethodExecutor>> map;

    /**
     * Constructs an {@code Invokers} instance, grouping and mapping invokers by their names
     * and argument types to their corresponding executors.
     *
     * @param invokerStream a stream of {@code Invoker} objects, where each invoker encapsulates
     *                      the method name, its parameter types, and the associated method executor.
     */
    public Invokers(Stream<Invoker> invokerStream) {
        map = invokerStream.collect(groupingBy(Invoker::name, toMap(Invoker::args, Invoker::executor)));
    }

    /**
     * Transforms a map containing interface-to-implementation mappings into a stream of {@code Invoker} objects.
     * Each entry in the map is processed to generate a flat stream of relevant {@code Invoker} instances.
     *
     * @param interfaces2implementations a map where keys represent interface classes and values represent their
     *                                   corresponding implementations, used to derive invoker instances.
     *
     * @return a stream of {@code Invoker} objects derived from the provided map entries.
     */
    public static Stream<Invoker> streamInvokers(Map<Class<?>, ?> interfaces2implementations) {
        return interfaces2implementations.entrySet()
                                         .stream()
                                         .flatMap(Invokers::streamInvokers);
    }

    private static Stream<Invoker> streamInvokers(Entry<Class<?>, ?> interface2implementation) {
        return streamInvokers(interface2implementation.getKey(), interface2implementation.getValue());
    }

    private static Stream<Invoker> streamInvokers(Class<?> key, Object obj) {
        return stream(key.getDeclaredMethods()).map(method -> new Invoker(obj, method));
    }

    /**
     * Creates an {@code Invoker} instance for a given {@code CustomFunction}.
     * This method extracts the function's name, parameter types, and implementation,
     * and constructs an invoker that can execute the function.
     *
     * @param cf the {@code CustomFunction} providing the function's name, arguments,
     *           and implementation to create an {@code Invoker}.
     *
     * @return an {@code Invoker} encapsulating the function's name, arguments,
     * and executor for the specified {@code CustomFunction}.
     */
    public static Invoker ofCustomFunction(CustomFunction cf) {
        var cfName = cf.name();
        var cfArgs = new Args(cf.parameterTypes());
        var cfExecutor = new CustomFunctionExecutor(cf.function());
        return new Invoker(cfName, cfArgs, cfExecutor);
    }

    @Override
    public MethodExecutor resolve(
            @NonNull EvaluationContext context,
            @NonNull Object targetObject,
            @NonNull String name,
            @NonNull List<TypeDescriptor> argumentTypes
    ) {
        var argumentClasses = argumentTypes.stream()
                                           .map(this::typeDescriptor2Class)
                                           .toList();
        return map.getOrDefault(name, emptyMap())
                  .entrySet()
                  .stream()
                  .filter(entry -> entry.getKey()
                                        .validate(argumentClasses))
                  .map(Entry::getValue)
                  .findFirst()
                  .orElse(null);
    }

    /// When null, consider it as compatible with any type argument, so return Any.class placeholder
    private Class typeDescriptor2Class(@Nullable TypeDescriptor typeDescriptor) {
        return typeDescriptor == null ? Any.class : typeDescriptor.getType();
    }

    /**
     * Represents argument types associated with method invocation.
     * This record encapsulates a list of parameter types and provides a method
     * to validate whether a list of target types matches the source types.
     * <p>
     * The validation logic ensures that each target type is compatible with the
     * corresponding source type.
     * A type is compatible if it matches precisely or is assignable from the source type.
     * Additionally, the {@code Any} class acts as a wildcard placeholder, making any type compatible.
     *
     * @param sourceTypes a list of parameter types representing the method's signature.
     */
    public record Args(List<Class<?>> sourceTypes) {
        /**
         * Validates if the provided list of classes matches the source types
         * according to the compatibility rules.
         * A type is considered compatible if it matches precisely or is assignable from the corresponding source
         * type.
         * Additionally, the {@code Any} class serves as a wildcard, making any type compatible.
         *
         * @param searchedTypes the list of classes to validate against the source types.
         * @return true if all the searched classes are compatible with the source types; false otherwise.
         */
        public boolean validate(List<Class> searchedTypes) {
            if (searchedTypes.size() != sourceTypes.size()) return false;

            var sourceTypesQ = new ArrayDeque<>(sourceTypes);
            var searchedTypesQ = new ArrayDeque<>(searchedTypes);
            var valid = true;
            while (!sourceTypesQ.isEmpty() && valid) {
                Class<?> parameterType = sourceTypesQ.remove();
                Class<?> searchedType = searchedTypesQ.remove();
                valid = searchedType == Any.class || parameterType.isAssignableFrom(searchedType);
            }
            return valid;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Encapsulates a custom function as a method executor, allowing the execution
     * of the function with a list of arguments in a given evaluation context.
     * This class implements the {@code MethodExecutor} interface from the
     * Spring Expression framework.
     */
    private record CustomFunctionExecutor(Function<List<Object>, Object> function)
            implements MethodExecutor {

        /**
         * Executes the method with the provided evaluation context, target object, and arguments.
         * The method applies the encapsulated function to the arguments and returns the result as a TypedValue.
         *
         * @param context  the evaluation context in which the method is executed.
         * @param target   the target object on which the method is invoked, if applicable.
         * @param arguments the arguments to be passed to the method during execution.
         *
         * @return the result of the method execution encapsulated in a TypedValue.
         */
        @Override
        public TypedValue execute(EvaluationContext context, Object target, Object... arguments) {
            return new TypedValue(function.apply(asList(arguments)));
        }
    }

    /// Represent a placeholder validating all other classes as possible candidate for validation
    private class Any {}
}